石河子大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

唐长孺先生曾对《新唐书·兵志》以“关内道”而非“朔方节度”著录相关军事建制而指出“关内”非“正称”。其实，《新唐书·兵志》“十二道”非《旧唐书·地理志》或《资治通鉴》载“十节度、经略使”，实为玄宗朝全国十二军事区域。朔方节度防区覆盖关内道全域，故《新唐书·兵志》以“关内道”著录。同时，《唐六典》“关内朔方节度使”亦可与开元年间朔方军已近乎统辖关内道之史实相印证。此外，天宝年间唐廷军事布局“外重内轻”之传统论断似可商榷，以朔方为首的西北军镇深度参与长安防御体系，实为“内重外轻”之“重”；而唐廷军事之“轻”，当在河北道南部及河南道。

Scholar Tang Zhangru once pointed out, regarding the New Book of Tang: Treatise on Military's recording of the relevant military establishment under “Guannei Circuit” rather than “Shuofang Military Commissioner,” that “Guannei” was not the “official designation.” Indeed, the “Twelve Circuits” recorded in the Treatise on Military do not correspond to the “Ten Military Commissioners and Pacification Commissioners” recorded in the Old Book of Tang: Treatise on Geography or the Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Governance. Rather, they represent the twelve military districts of the country during Emperor Xuanzong's reign(712—756). Since the Shuofang Military Commissioner's jurisdiction covered the entire Guannei Circuit, the Treatise on Military accordingly recorded it as “Guannei Circuit.” At the same time, the reference “Shuofang Military Commissioner of Guannei” in the Six Statutes of the Tang Dynasty aligns with the historical fact that the Shuofang Army had come to exercise jurisdiction over nearly the whole of Guannei Circuit during the Kaiyuan era. Furthermore, the traditional assertion regarding the military layout during the Tianbao era which is often characterized as “Strong Outer, Weak Inner” seems debatable. The northwestern military towns, led by Shuofang, were deeply integrated into the defense system of Chang'an, effectively constituting the “strong” part in an “Inner Strong, Outer Weak” pattern. Conversely, the “weak” aspect of the Tang court's military strength during this period should be located in the southern part of Hebei Circuit and Henan Circuit.